VATICAN CITY – History was made at the Vatican on May 9, 2025, as a conclave of Roman Catholic cardinals elected Robert Francis Prevost, a 69-year-old former Cardinal from Chicago, Illinois, as the new head of the world’s 1.4 billion Roman Catholics. Prevost becomes the first U.S. pontiff to lead the Church, marking a significant moment for American Catholicism.
Taking the papal name Leo XIV, Prevost’s choice immediately drew attention, potentially signaling an emphasis on social justice, referencing Pope Leo XIII who led the Church from 1878 to 1903 and was known for his teachings on the rights of workers and the poor.
A Swift Conclave
The election unfolded rapidly within the ancient walls of the Sistine Chapel. The definitive signal of a successful vote – white smoke billowing from the chapel chimney – appeared after one of the shortest conclaves in the Church’s modern history, concluding in just over 24 hours. The speed of the decision surprised many observers who had anticipated a potentially longer deliberation among the cardinals.
Shortly after the white smoke was confirmed, the newly elected Pope Leo XIV appeared on the central balcony of St. Peter’s Basilica on the same day, May 9th, to greet the thousands gathered in St. Peter’s Square and millions watching worldwide.
From Chicago to the Vatican via Peru
Pope Leo XIV brings a diverse background to the papacy. Born in Chicago, Illinois, the 69-year-old cleric served the Church for two decades in Peru, where he is also a naturalized citizen. This extensive pastoral experience in Latin America, a region with a significant Catholic population, is seen by analysts as a valuable asset.
Most recently, Prevost served in a key administrative role within the Vatican itself, heading the influential office of bishops. This position placed him at the center of decisions regarding the appointment and oversight of bishops globally, providing him with deep insight into the challenges and opportunities facing the Church across different continents.
A Message of Peace and Unity
Addressing the world for the first time as pontiff from the balcony of St. Peter’s Basilica, Pope Leo XIV’s initial words resonated with a message of bridge-building. His simple yet profound greeting, “Peace be with you all,” underscored a potential emphasis on unity and reconciliation in a world and a Church often marked by division.
The choice of the name Leo XIV, coupled with his first public message, suggests a pontificate that may seek to combine traditional Church teachings with a renewed focus on contemporary social issues and the need for global harmony.
Looking Ahead: Installation and First Audience
The formal installation mass for Pope Leo XIV is scheduled for May 18, 2025. This ceremony will formally inaugurate his Petrine ministry. His first general audience with pilgrims and visitors is set to follow shortly thereafter, on May 21, 2025, providing an early opportunity for the faithful to hear more extensively from the new Holy Father.
As the first American to ascend to the Throne of St. Peter, Pope Leo XIV faces the complex task of leading the global Roman Catholic Church in an era of rapid social, cultural, and political change. His background, experiences, and chosen name offer initial clues as to the direction his pontificate may take.
